{"id":1542,"date":"2019-04-12T11:23:17","date_gmt":"2019-04-12T14:23:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bonettiassociados.com.br\/?p=1542"},"modified":"2019-04-12T11:23:17","modified_gmt":"2019-04-12T14:23:17","slug":"a-recuperacao-judicial-do-empresario-rural-na-jurisprudencia-do-tj-sp","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bonettiassociados.com.br\/index.php\/2019\/04\/12\/a-recuperacao-judicial-do-empresario-rural-na-jurisprudencia-do-tj-sp\/","title":{"rendered":"A RECUPERA\u00c7\u00c3O JUDICIAL DO EMPRES\u00c1RIO RURAL NA JURISPRUD\u00caNCIA DO TJ-SP"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">A partir desta semana, ser\u00e3o publicados diversos artigos em sequ\u00eancia a respeito do deferimento da recupera\u00e7\u00e3o judicial do empres\u00e1rio rural, iniciando-se pela pesquisa da jurisprud\u00eancia do Tribunal de Justi\u00e7a de S\u00e3o Paulo e do Superior Tribunal de Justi\u00e7a, para ent\u00e3o avan\u00e7ar para an\u00e1lise pontual dos principais fundamentos.<\/span><!--more--><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">A mat\u00e9ria suscita diversas discuss\u00f5es acerca da (des)necessidade do registro do empres\u00e1rio e\/ou sociedade empres\u00e1ria que desempenhem a atividade rural para fins de concess\u00e3o da recupera\u00e7\u00e3o judicial. Isso porque os artigos 971 e 984, ambos do C\u00f3digo Civil, preveem a facultatividade do registro na Junta Comercial do empres\u00e1rio rural e sociedade empres\u00e1ria rural.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Por outro lado, a Lei 11.101\/2005 estabelece como requisitos para o pedido de recupera\u00e7\u00e3o judicial que o devedor seja empres\u00e1rio (artigo 1\u00ba, Lei 11.101\/2005), que exer\u00e7a regularmente suas atividades h\u00e1 mais de dois anos (artigo 48, Lei 11.101\/2005) e instrua o seu pedido com a certid\u00e3o de regularidade do devedor no Registro P\u00fablico de Empresas (artigo 51, inciso V, Lei 11.101\/2005).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">A an\u00e1lise dos dispositivos legais aponta pelo menos para duas quest\u00f5es: (i) o empres\u00e1rio\/sociedade empres\u00e1ria que exer\u00e7a atividade rural depende do registro na Junta Comercial para requerer a recupera\u00e7\u00e3o judicial?; (ii) em caso afirmativo, o registro deve ter sido obtido por pelo menos dois anos antes do pedido de recupera\u00e7\u00e3o judicial?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">O presente texto n\u00e3o pretende responder a essas indaga\u00e7\u00f5es, mas identificar o posicionamento do TJ-SP acerca da mat\u00e9ria desde a vig\u00eancia da Lei 11.101\/2005, pelo que foi realizada pesquisa jurisprudencial[1], com o seguinte resultado:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<table width=\"0\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" width=\"60\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>Ano<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" width=\"76\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>Total<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>Descarte*<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"2\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>Selecionados<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>Natureza do registro na Junta Comercial<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>Declarat\u00f3rio<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>Constitutivo<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"60\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">2009<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"76\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">5<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">3<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">2<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">2<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"60\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">2010<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"76\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">8<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">6<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">2<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">2<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"60\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">2011<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"76\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">11<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">10<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">1<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">1<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"60\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">2012<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"76\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">6<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">6<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"60\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">2013<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"76\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">13<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">12<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">1<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">1<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"60\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">2014<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"76\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">17<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">15<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">2<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">2<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"60\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">2015<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"76\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">18<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">18<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"60\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">2016<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"76\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">12<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">12<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"60\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">2017<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"76\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">32<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">30<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">2<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">1<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">1<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"60\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">2018<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"76\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">69<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">55<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">14<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">14<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"60\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">2019<\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"76\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">17<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">7<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">10<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">10<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"60\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>Total<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td width=\"76\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>208<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>174<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>34<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>32<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>2<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">*Foram descartados todos os julgados que n\u00e3o tinham por objeto a an\u00e1lise dos requisitos para a concess\u00e3o da recupera\u00e7\u00e3o judicial ao produtor rural.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">O resultado da pesquisa demonstra que, entre 2005 e 2008, n\u00e3o houve julgamento do TJ-SP a respeito da mat\u00e9ria, e somente a partir de 2018 a discuss\u00e3o sobre a concess\u00e3o de recupera\u00e7\u00e3o judicial aos empres\u00e1rios rurais chegou \u00e0 corte em maior volume, o que pode se dar em raz\u00e3o de duas hip\u00f3teses: ou (i) os agentes econ\u00f4micos n\u00e3o requereram a recupera\u00e7\u00e3o judicial, ou (ii) at\u00e9 ent\u00e3o n\u00e3o havia maiores controv\u00e9rsias acerca dos requisitos para concess\u00e3o.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Al\u00e9m disso, nota-se que somente em dois julgados[2] o TJ-SP atribuiu natureza constitutiva ao registro na Junta Comercial, pelo que a op\u00e7\u00e3o de n\u00e3o se inscrever deveria ser interpretada como a inten\u00e7\u00e3o de n\u00e3o se equiparar ao regime empresarial e que, por isso, posterior registro n\u00e3o poderia ter efeito retroativo a fim de alcan\u00e7ar os neg\u00f3cios celebrados anteriormente.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Contudo, esse \u00e9 o entendimento minorit\u00e1rio, j\u00e1 que em mais de 90% dos julgados analisados o TJ-SP atribuiu natureza declarat\u00f3ria ao registro na Junta Comercial. Como consequ\u00eancia desse entendimento, para a concess\u00e3o da recupera\u00e7\u00e3o judicial, bastaria que seja comprovado o desenvolvimento da atividade por mais de dois anos e o registro em data anterior ao pedido (n\u00e3o necessariamente h\u00e1 pelo menos dois anos):<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1543\" src=\"http:\/\/bonettiassociados.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/2019.04.12-300x163.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"163\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bonettiassociados.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/2019.04.12-300x163.jpg 300w, https:\/\/bonettiassociados.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/2019.04.12.jpg 659w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">A despeito das cr\u00edticas poss\u00edveis a um ou outro entendimento, a estabiliza\u00e7\u00e3o da jurisprud\u00eancia na mat\u00e9ria \u00e9 important\u00edssima, a fim de tornar as rela\u00e7\u00f5es econ\u00f4micas mais seguras, para o pr\u00f3prio empres\u00e1rio e sociedade empres\u00e1ria rural, e tamb\u00e9m para os agentes econ\u00f4micos que com eles interagem.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Na pr\u00f3xima coluna, veremos qual o posicionamento do STJ tamb\u00e9m com rela\u00e7\u00e3o ao deferimento do processamento de recupera\u00e7\u00e3o judicial para produtor rural e a observ\u00e2ncia dos requisitos para o seu deferimento.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">[1] A pesquisa jurisprudencial foi elabora tendo em vista o limite temporal para a pesquisa jurisprudencial foi de 08\/06\/2005, data do in\u00edcio da vig\u00eancia da Lei 11.101\/2005, at\u00e9 30\/03\/2019, tendo por objeto os ac\u00f3rd\u00e3os julgados pelo TJSP neste intervalo temporal, pela elei\u00e7\u00e3o das palavras-chave \u201crecupera\u00e7\u00e3o judicial\u201d e \u201crural\u201d no campo \u201cementa\u201d da pesquisa jurisprudencial do TJSP pelo site &lt;https:\/\/esaj.tjsp.jus.br\/cjsg\/resultadoCompleta.do&gt;.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">[2] TRIBUNAL DE JUSTI\u00c7A DO ESTADO DE S\u00c3O PAULO. Agravo de Instrumento 0257523-69.2012.8.26.0000. Relator: Desembargador Grava Brazil, DJ: 18\/09\/2013. Dispon\u00edvel em: &lt;https:\/\/esaj.tjsp.jus.br\/cjsg\/getArquivo.do?cdAcordao=7029899&amp;cdForo=0&gt;. Acesso em: 6. abr. 2019.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">TRIBUNAL DE JUSTI\u00c7A DO ESTADO DE S\u00c3O PAULO. Agravo de Instrumento 2028287-46.2017.8.26.0000. Relator: Desembargador Carlos Dias Motta, DJ: 09\/08\/2017. Dispon\u00edvel em: &lt;https:\/\/esaj.tjsp.jus.br\/cjsg\/getArquivo.do?cdAcordao=10686152&amp;cdForo=0&gt;. Acesso em: 6. abr. 2019.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>FONTE: Conjur \u2013 Por Flavia Trentini, Gabriel Fernandes Khayat e Leonardo Cunha Silva<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A partir desta semana, ser\u00e3o publicados diversos artigos em sequ\u00eancia [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"footnotes":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paFpWR-oS","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bonettiassociados.com.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1542"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bonettiassociados.com.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bonettiassociados.com.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bonettiassociados.com.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bonettiassociados.com.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1542"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/bonettiassociados.com.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1542\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1544,"href":"https:\/\/bonettiassociados.com.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1542\/revisions\/1544"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bonettiassociados.com.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1542"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bonettiassociados.com.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1542"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bonettiassociados.com.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1542"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}